Electric linear actuators

A linear actuator is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into linear motion, i.e. straight-line movement, rather than rotation. Linear actuators are used for a variety of applications where precise, controlled movement in a specific direction is required.

There are two types of electric linear actuator, the linear screw actuator and the linear stepper motor actuator.

The screw-type linear actuator uses an electric motor to turn a screw, which drives a nut, converting rotary motion into linear motion. The stepper motor linear actuator uses a stepper motor to produce precise linear motion in increments of one step.

Electric motor

The linear actuator consists of an electric motor, which may be a DC electric motor, a brushless motor or a stepper motor. This electric motor generates the initial rotary motion.

Guide screw

The guide screw of the linear actuator converts the rotary motion of the motor into linear motion.

Nut

Connected to the guide screw, the nut of the linear actuator moves along the screw to produce linear motion.

Housing

The envelope of the linear actuator is the structure that houses and protects the internal components of the electromechanism.

Position sensors

Used to provide feedback information on the position of the actuator, position sensors allow precise control of the device.

Energy conversion

The actuator's electric motor receives energy and generates rotary motion.

Transmission of motion

The motor's rotary motion is transmitted to the guide screw.

Transformation into linear motion

Rotation of the screw causes the nut to move forwards or backwards, converting the rotary motion into linear motion.

Control and precision

Position sensors and electronic controllers are used to precisely control the position and speed of the linear actuator.

Linear actuators are used in a wide range of applications, from industrial automation with machine tools, conveyors and handling systems, to aerospace with flight controls, wing and flap adjustment in aircraft, door locking systems, seat adjustments, etc.